mbeva
AI-Powered Solar Smart Farm Protection System
Project Category
Agriculture / Smart Farming / Artificial Intelligence
1. Introduction
Birds such as quelea, weaver birds, and crows, together with monkeys and baboons, destroy thousands of tonnes of crops every year. Farmers traditionally use scarecrows, dogs, and watchmen, but these methods are costly and often ineffective.
The Computer Vision Bird and Monkey Repellent System uses Artificial Intelligence (AI), Computer Vision, Solar Energy, and Ultrasonic Technology to automatically detect pests and scare them away before crop damage occurs.
System Overview
5
The system continuously monitors the farm using an ESP32-CAM. Once a bird or monkey is detected, ultrasonic sound, flashing lights, and alarms are activated automatically.
2. Objectives
Main Objective
To develop an intelligent farm protection system capable of detecting and repelling birds and monkeys automatically.
Specific Objectives
- Detect birds and monkeys using AI.
- Distinguish pests from humans and livestock.
- Activate ultrasonic deterrents.
- Send GSM alerts to farmers.
- Operate entirely on solar energy.
3. Materials Required
| Component | Quantity |
|---|---|
| ESP32-CAM | 1 |
| Arduino Uno | 1 |
| Solar Panel (20W) | 1 |
| Battery (12V) | 1 |
| Charge Controller | 1 |
| GSM Module (SIM800L) | 1 |
| Ultrasonic Speaker | 2 |
| PIR Motion Sensor | 1 |
| LED Floodlights | 2 |
| Relay Module | 2 |
| Buzzer | 1 |
| Mounting Pole | 1 |
4. AI Detection System
How Computer Vision Works
6
Step 1: Image Capture
The ESP32-CAM captures images every second.
Step 2: Image Analysis
The AI model analyzes:
- Shape
- Size
- Movement
- Color patterns
Step 3: Object Recognition
The system identifies:
| Detected Object | Action |
|---|---|
| Monkey | Activate Repellent |
| Baboon | Activate Repellent |
| Quelea Bird | Activate Repellent |
| Weaver Bird | Activate Repellent |
| Human | Ignore |
| Cow | Ignore |
| Goat | Ignore |
Step 4: Alert Generation
An SMS is sent to the farmer indicating the detected pest.
5. Ultrasonic Repellent Technology
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The system emits ultrasonic frequencies that animals dislike.
Frequency Settings
| Animal | Frequency |
|---|---|
| Birds | 20–25 kHz |
| Monkeys | 30–40 kHz |
| Baboons | 35–45 kHz |
Additional Deterrents
- Flashing LED lights
- Random alarm sounds
- Motion-triggered activation
This prevents animals from becoming accustomed to the deterrent.
6. Solar Power Section
Power Supply
5
Components
- Solar panel
- Battery
- Charge controller
Advantages
✔ Operates day and night
✔ No electricity bills
✔ Suitable for remote farms
✔ Environmentally friendly
✔ Low maintenance
7. System Block Diagram
SOLAR PANEL
│
▼
CHARGE CONTROLLER
│
▼
BATTERY
│
▼
ESP32-CAM
│
┌─────────────┼─────────────┐
▼ ▼ ▼
AI MODEL GSM MODULE SD CARD
│
▼
OBJECT IDENTIFICATION
│
┌──────┼────────┬─────────┐
▼ ▼ ▼ ▼
LEDs BUZZER ULTRASONIC SMS
│
▼
BIRDS & MONKEYS
REPELLED8. Experimental Procedure
Farm A (Control)
Traditional scarecrow.
Farm B (Experimental)
Computer Vision Repellent System.
Duration
30 days.
Parameters Measured
| Parameter | Farm A | Farm B |
|---|---|---|
| Bird Visits | Record | Record |
| Monkey Visits | Record | Record |
| Crop Damage (%) | Record | Record |
| Yield (kg) | Record | Record |
9. Expected Results
| Parameter | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Bird Damage | 35% | 5% |
| Monkey Damage | 28% | 3% |
| Labor Costs | High | Low |
| Yield | 100 kg | 145 kg |
| Security | Poor | Excellent |
10. Innovation and Uniqueness
Unlike ordinary scarecrows and alarms, this project combines:
- Artificial Intelligence (AI)
- Computer Vision
- Internet of Things (IoT)
- GSM Communication
- Solar Energy
- Precision Agriculture
- Wildlife Management
This makes it a highly competitive project for KSEF Regional and National competitions.
11. Future Improvements
- Drone-assisted farm patrol
- Mobile App Monitoring
- GPS Pest Mapping
- Thermal Night Vision Cameras
- Cloud-Based Analytics
- Weather Prediction Integration
- AI Yield Forecasting
Conclusion
The Computer Vision Bird and Monkey Repellent System provides a modern, environmentally friendly, and intelligent solution to crop destruction by birds and monkeys. By combining AI image recognition, ultrasonic deterrents, GSM alerts, and solar power, the system improves crop protection, reduces losses, and increases farm productivity while demonstrating cutting-edge agricultural technology.
