Background Information

Energy sustainability is a global priority, with industries seeking eco-friendly alternatives to traditional fuels. Algae, known for their rapid growth and high lipid content, have gained attention as a renewable biofuel source. Robotics, a growing field with applications in automation, often relies on non-renewable energy sources. This project integrates algae-derived biofuel into robotics to demonstrate its potential as a sustainable energy solution.

Statement of the Problem

The reliance on non-renewable energy in robotics raises concerns about sustainability and environmental impact. Despite progress in renewable energy, its application in robotics remains underexplored. This project addresses the challenge by developing a robot powered by algae-derived biofuel, showcasing a viable alternative to conventional energy sources.

Objectives

1. To design and build a small robot powered by algae-derived biofuel.
2. To test the efficiency and reliability of algae biofuel as a power source for robotics.
3. To promote awareness of renewable energy applications in technology.

Relevance

This research demonstrates the potential of algae biofuel to replace non-renewable energy in robotics, reducing carbon footprints and encouraging sustainable practices. It bridges biotechnology and engineering, offering practical insights into renewable energy integration.

Limitations

• Limited scalability of algae cultivation in small-scale setups.
• Biofuel extraction methods may yield lower energy density compared to conventional fuels.
• Difficulty in adapting robotic systems to run efficiently on biofuel.

Precautions

• Handle biofuel extraction solvents like ethanol with care to prevent fire hazards.
• Ensure proper insulation of electrical components to avoid short circuits.
• Maintain sterile conditions during algae cultivation to prevent contamination.

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Past Work and Existing Research

Previous studies have explored algae biofuel for vehicles and large-scale applications, but its use in robotics has been minimal. This project fills that gap, offering a hands-on demonstration of algae biofuel’s feasibility in powering robotic systems.

Scientific Concepts and Principles

• Photosynthesis: Algae convert sunlight into chemical energy, producing biomass for biofuel.
• Lipid Extraction: Solvents like ethanol extract lipids from algae, forming the basis of biofuel.
• Energy Conversion: Biofuel powers a robot by converting chemical energy into mechanical motion.

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Apparatus

Quantitative:

1. Algae cultivation container (2 L)
2. LED light source (1 unit)
3. Nutrient medium (1 L)
4. Ethanol (100 mL)
5. Blender (1 unit)
6. Robot chassis with wheels (1 unit)
7. DC motor (6V)
8. Microcontroller (1 unit)
9. Fuel cell (1 unit)

Qualitative:

• Transparent container for effective algae growth.
• Durable robot chassis for smooth operation.
• Compact, efficient fuel cell compatible with biofuel.

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Procedure

Step 1: Algae Cultivation

1. Prepare a nutrient medium in a 2-L transparent container.
2. Add algae culture and place under continuous LED light.
3. Aerate with an air pump to enhance growth over 7–10 days.

Step 2: Biofuel Extraction

1. Harvest algae biomass through filtration.
2. Blend the biomass with 100 mL of ethanol to extract lipids.
3. Filter the mixture to isolate biofuel.

Step 3: Robot Assembly

1. Build a robot chassis with a DC motor and microcontroller.
2. Install a biofuel-compatible fuel cell to power the motor.
3. Connect the fuel cell to the robot’s energy system.

Step 4: Testing the Robot

1. Fill the fuel cell with algae-derived biofuel.
2. Power the robot and observe its movement.
3. Record performance data, including speed and energy efficiency.

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Observations

• Algae biomass growth was optimal under consistent lighting and aeration.
• Approximately 20 mL of biofuel was extracted from 1 L of algae culture.
• The robot powered by algae biofuel moved efficiently, demonstrating consistent performance over short distances.

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Importance and Usefulness of the Research

This project exemplifies the integration of renewable energy and robotics, encouraging sustainable practices in technology. By using algae biofuel, it highlights the potential for reducing dependence on non-renewable energy while inspiring further innovation in eco-friendly robotics.